Hair curler



April 4, 1939. N. L.. SOLOMON HAIR CURLER Filed Deo. 2l, 1936 INVENTOR W' x W BY ATTO R N EY Patented Apr. 4, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFlcE Claims.

The present invention is generally concerned with hair curlers wherein swingably connected complementary clamping components in the form of a tube and cover serve in the dual ca- 5 pacity ,of hair gripping means and hair rolling means. In a specic aspect the invention is particularly concerned -with an improved means j for curling hair wherein one of the components of the curler is also employed as a foraminous magazine adapted to advantageously and yremovably receive a cartridge or insert carrying a suitable exothermically operating chemical composition adapted to react with an appropriate liquid reagent to generate heat which is directed to hair exteriorly wound about the complements. In another aspect, the invention is realized in the provision of a simplified hair curling device comprising fulcrum means pivotally sustaining a. perforated tube and cover the latter serving to conveniently receive a chemically heat producing cartridge while the fulcrum means cooperates to limit insertion of the cartridge within the tube. As another aspect of the invention the fulcrum means swingably supports a loop having sides adapted to hold the coiled hair about the tube and cover and is provided with a spheroidal resilient stay which cooperates with one end of the tube to hold the loop in a set position and also cooperates with an adjacent end of the cartridge to yieldingly sustain the latter within the tube v and against longitudinal displacement relative to the curling device.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention further resides in the details of construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter' more specifically pointed out in the following detailed description of the accompanying drawing in which:-

Fig. 1 shows a perspective View of the improved curler according to my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a broken perspective view of the heat generating insert or cartridge according tothe invention.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the curler illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of FISA. 5o Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line 8-6 of Fig. 4.'

Fig. 'l is a front but reduced elevational view of the protective guard, showing the hinged flap in a closed position and Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view of the. protions of .the porous jacket to tective guard illustrating the swingable ap in an open position.

The hair curler I0 embodies a perforated tube II, a perforated cover I2, a swingable loopl, a stay I4, and a heat generating cartridge IB. l Tube H and the superimposed cover I2 are pivotally sustained by fulcrum means in the form of a transversely disposed ferrule or tube I8 which has its outer terminals appropriately upset to prevent transverse displacement of the cover 10 relative to the tube. The lsides Il of the loop each include a terminal I8 having an oilset end or lip I9 cooperating with an associated upset portion 28 of the ferrule I6 to prevent accidental displacement of l5 a respective terminal I8 longitudinally of the ferrule. When disposed within the bore of the ferrule terminals I8 are in abutting overlapping relation closely but rotatably confined therein.

The tube and cover each include a finger ma- 20' nipulating portion 2I adapted to be held diverged by a substantially U shaped leaf spring 22 for normally holding the cover against the tube.

Asillustrated, the cartridge I5 comprises a foraminous or perforated body 24 which may be 25 of aluminum or tin foil. This body may be rolled to take the form of a substantially cylindrical casing or package containing a suitable chemical, for example, calcium oxide 25, in granular or powdered form.v The perforated or forami- 3o nous casing 24 has imperforate ends 26 to prevent lateral leakage of the powdered chemical therefrom and is provided with twisted ends 21 formingoverhanging projections for a purpose hereinafter set forth. 35

Closely surrounding the exterior surfaces of the perforated metal foil casing 24 is a porous Y and absorbent interstitial jacket or sheath 28,

preferablyv of cheesecloth or the like. This jacket readily absorbs water and readily acts to distribute its moisture through its length and into the perforations of the casing 24. Ties 29 which .may be yof string or wire encompass spaced porhold the latter against the casing. 5

Before applying the curler to the hair to be curled, a composite pad or guard 30 is used to protect the head. This composite guard preferably consists of a layer of rubber 3l to which is secured a layer of felt 32.' The guard is provided with an inverted U shaped striation 38 dening a swingable flap I4. v

In operation, a tress of hair to be treated is passed through opening 35 formed by pressing iiap or closure 34 towards the head of hair. The u pad is moved against the head of hair and ringer pressure on nap 84 is released. Thus the ap swings away from the head of hair and frictionally cooperates with the tress to prevent displacement thereof. With the resilient stay i4 disconnected from the tube II of the curler, the latter is opened upon the application of ngerl pressure to the manipulating portions 2| causing the latter to move towards each other. In such relation the cover and tube are separated forming a gap in which the terminal part of the tress is placed. Subsequently finger pressure. is removed from manipulating portions 2| and the inserted terminal part of the `tress is automatically clamped between the cover and tube due to the expansion of spring 21. v

The curler is now bodily rotated about its longitudinal axis to take up the tress of hair threaded through the guard to form a plurality of superimposed convolutions. With the stay of the loop detached from the tube, he cartridge is immersed in a suitable reagent, such as water. Moisture therefore is collected by the interstitial netting or sheath 28 and drains into the casing 24 through its perforations, coming into intimate contact with the comminuted quick lime encased thereby.` Following this step, the saturated cartridge is inserted in the tube of the curler until one projection 21 thereof strikes the transversely disposed iulcrum I6 which in this connection serves as a stop. The loop I3 is now swung to permit the compressible stay I 4 to telescopically interlock with the outer end of the tube. During.

this action a portion of the rotatable stay, I4 carried by the loop cooperates to deform an adjacent end 21 of the cartridge and therefore the latter is held against longitudinal displacement relative to the tube.

The chemical reaction between the calcium oxide and Water, liberates a certain amount of heat and steam which passes through the perforations of the metal foil casing 24. This heat is also transmitted to the porous jacket 28 causing the moisture thereof to be turned into steam. The steam generated by the cartridge passes through the alined perforations of the tube and cover of the curler. Thus the lhair wound about these complementary hair gripping members is proc-r essed, that is, subjected to steam and subsequently dried, forming in fact a permanent wave. If desired, the tress threadedthrough the guard may be treated with a suitable chemical solution or water to enhance waving thereof when subjected to the exothermic action of the cartridge. Insteadof using calcium oxide, other exothermically reacting chemical may be employed, for example, strontia, etc. 0f course the types of chemical herein disclosed are merely illustrative but it is to be understood that the cartridge is adapted to contain a charge of dry chemicals adapted to generate heat if coming into intimate contact with water or suitable liquid reagent. The invention further contemplates the provision of chemical accelerators o'r decelerators to be combined with powdered chemicals of the type to enhance or retard the heat control of the latter as is well understood in the art.

Having completed the processing operation in the matter of subjecting the hair wound about the complements Il and I2 'to steam and heat, the stay is disconnected from the tube causing sides I1 thereof to free the processed tress, the

curler is slightly opened by moving manipulating portions 2| towards each other, and the processed curl is removedV fromthe curling device.

aimera not limited to the specinc details described but is capable of other adaptations and modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a guard having a swingable portion normally disposed substantially in alinement with the body of said guard and adapted to be swung out of alinement therewith to form an opening to npermit threading of a tress of hair therethrough to permit said tress to overhang an outside face of said guard, means for rolling said tress to provide a plurality of convolutions externally thereof, and exothermically operating means carried by said rolling means for subjecting said convolutions to steam and heat.

2. In combination, a guard having a swingable portion normally disposed substantially in alinement with the body of said guard and adapted to be swung out of alinement therewith to form an opening to permit threading of a tress oi hair therethrough to permit said tress to overhang an outside face of said guard, foraminous means for rolling said tress to provide. aplurality of convolutions externally thereof, and a moisture absorbing and steam and heat generating cartridge removably sustained by said rolling means for processing said convolutions.

3. In combination, a guard having a swingable portion normally disposed substantially in alinement with the body of said guard and adapted to be swung out of alinement therewith to form an opening to permit threading of a tress of hair therethrough to permit said tress to overhang an outside face of said guard, foraminous means for rolling said tress to provide a plurality of convolutions externally thereof, and a moisture absorbing and steam and heat generating cartridge removably sustained by said rolling means for subjecting said convolutions to steam and heat, said rolling means adapted to be detached from said convolutions for passing the latter through said opening to be independent of said guard.

4. In combination, a foraminous tube, a foraminous cover, means piv'otally sustaining said tube and cover, a loop swingably associated with said tube and cover. a moisture absorbing cartridge having a perforated but impervious casing containing an exothermically operating body and comprising terminal portions, and a moisture absorbing and distributing sheath secured to said casing, said cartridge adapted to be inserted in said tube, said pivotally sustaining means cooperating with one of said terminal portions to limit longitudinal displacement of said cartridge in one direction, and means carried by said loop and adapted to be removably associated with one end of said tube and cooperating with another of said 35 whereby the guard may be conveniently terminal portions to prevent longitudinal vdisplacement of said cartridge in an opposite direc`v tion relative to said tube.

5; In combination, a foraminous tube, a foram-l v f7.0 inous cover, means pivotally sustaining said tube and cover, a moisture absorbing cartridge l'having y,

a perforated but impervious casing containinga'ny and distributing sheath secured to said jacket, said cartridge adapted to be inserted in said tube, said pivotally sustaining means cooperating with one of said projections to limit longitudinal displacement of said cartridge in one direction; and a rotatable and resilient stay carried by said loop and adapted to be removably associated with one end of said tube and yieldingly cooperating with another of said projections to prevent longitudinal displacement of said cartridge in an opposite direction relative to said tube. l

NATHAN LEWIS SOLOMON. 

